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Friday, November 18, 2011

The Most Importan About Effective Small Group Comunication


The Concept of Communication Styles

The Styles of Small Group Communication

Small Group CommunicationTheory



Small Group Communication

WE ARE OFTEN MISTAKEN ABOUT HOW GROUPS, in fact, work. Most people are unware of the basic communication theory which includes the scientific descriptions of the dynamics that invariably affect group effort. In addition, we are often mistaken about the expectations of others as to the nature of a specific group meeting. We do not know what style of communication is appropriate to a given communication context. Small group communication theory consists of both scientific descriptions and stylistic rules and norms. A professional approach to small group communication requires more than formulas, rules of thumb derived from trial and error, and some conventional wisdom about how groups work. Tobe able to anticipate and to understand working with a group, we need to know some basic small group communication theory.

         



The Concept of Communication Styles

          Communication style defined. A communication style is a common and generally accepted way of communicating wich is understood and shared by community of people. Style, in this sense of the term, refers to a set of expectations which all those who have learned to appreciate the style understand. A common meaning for the therm style is a given individual’s unusual, distinctive, and characteristic way of communicating, but what we have in mind here is not this but a generally understood manner of communicating which is shared by a number of people and wich governs their behavior.

          The nature of communication style. Communication styles evolve because groups of people begin to speak in distinctive ways which are unlike the communication styles currently in vogue. People need to discuss their communication experiences in order to understand and appreciate them, and critical comments [even such “wasn’t that a great meeting [tanda perintah]”] are necessary and common at the early stage of development of a communication style. As soon as people attach label’s of “good” or “bad” to the kind of communication being discussed, some standards have begin to be shared. Their members begin to criticize their communication according to the new standards or norms in a more analytical and detailed manner.

          Once people understand the new style well enough to criticize communication according to it’s standards, they are well on their way to developing a communication theory. The communication theory required for the study and criticism of a style consist of [1] a description of the ideal communication event-a model, [2] descriptions of group processes that always take place no matter what the style, and [3] statements giving advice on how to approximate or achieve the ideal communication transactions.

          Because the core of theory related to a communication event, you must always be thaught how to communicate effectively in that style. Althought we all learn how to communicate at a very early age and it thus seems as natural as walking, we cannot just be natural  and take effective part in group meetings. Take something that is more uncommon than speaking and listening, such as learning how to appreciate, breed, and show pedigreed dogs. You cannot learn to appreciate show dogs until you have learned the basic model or ideal characteristic of a good show dog within a given breed. You must always study and learn the ins and outs of any stylized human activity in the same way. In a much  important, but similar, fashion {because communication is more important than breeding dogs}, you must always learn how to observing communication, taking part in it, reading theoretical books about it, and getting coaching from someone who thoroughly understands and appreciates the style.



The Styles of Small Group Communication

          Communication styles have varied through time {a good group meeting in 1776 might well have been different from a good group meeting in 1976}, from place to place {a good group meeting in  west Africa might weel be different froom a good group meeting in northern Europe}, from culture to culture{agood group meeting on an Indian reservation in the 1960s}. but even within the mainstream of a geographical region and a general culture such as Nort America in the 1970s, different communication styles will deal with three major styles of small group communication common to North America in the latter part of the twentieth century. The three styles are [1]. The massage communication style, [2]. The relationship communication style, and [3]. The conversion communication style. Other styles are particularly in small group communication.

          The massage communication style. The most imporrtan communication style for people working in tsk-oriented small groups [that is, meetings in which the participants work together on some common task] began in the years before World War II. Engineers had for some time been working on communication problems related to the sending and receiving of massages by telephone, radio, and television, when scientists at such places as Harvard, Pennsylvania State University, the Bell Thelephone Laboratories, and the Massachusetts Institute of technology began to work on ‘thinking machines.” The engineers tended to blueprint their plants for radios, television sets, and computers. One of the first important descriptions of a model communication event took the form of an electronic blueprint and wash published by Shannon and Weaver in a Illinois: university of Illinois press, 1954]. Shramm, who was interested in applying scientific research methods to mass communications, adapted the Shannon and weaver description [W. L. Shramm, ed., the processes and Efects of Communicatio, Urbana, Illinois: University of Illinois press, 1954].

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